This research paper outlines the various possibilities for the reuse of leftover bread.
Closed loop downcycling
Transforming waste products into materials and lower value products within the same industry. For example, for textiles this involves using a mechanical process to turn textile waste streams into new textile materials with a lower value / industrial application. Textiles are cut into wipers, shredded to create filling material and/or fibers are bonded to create non-woven products.